What is the biggest risk factor for osteoarthritis?

What is the biggest risk factor for osteoarthritis?

• A. Obesity
• B. Age
• C. Female sex
• D. Smoking

Answer: (A)

Obesity is the major risk factor here because it drives osteoarthritis risk through two strong mechanisms: mechanical overload and inflammatory effects. Extra body weight increases the stress on weight-bearing joints, especially the knees and hips, speeding cartilage wear with normal activities. Weight loss can meaningfully slow progression and reduce symptoms, highlighting how influential this factor is. In addition, adipose tissue releases inflammatory mediators that can contribute to joint degeneration beyond the added mechanical load. While age is indeed associated with OA and female sex can modestly increase risk, obesity stands out as the most impactful and modifiable factor, making it the best focus for prevention and management. Smoking does not have a clear, consistent link to OA risk.

Obesity is the major risk factor here because it drives osteoarthritis risk through two strong mechanisms: mechanical overload and inflammatory effects. Extra body weight increases the stress on weight-bearing joints, especially the knees and hips, speeding cartilage wear with normal activities. Weight loss can meaningfully slow progression and reduce symptoms, highlighting how influential this factor is. In addition, adipose tissue releases inflammatory mediators that can contribute to joint degeneration beyond the added mechanical load. While age is indeed associated with OA and female sex can modestly increase risk, obesity stands out as the most impactful and modifiable factor, making it the best focus for prevention and management. Smoking does not have a clear, consistent link to OA risk.